Tuesday, March 10, 2009

Dark Teff Sandwich Bread


Here I present to you a gluten-free yeast bread, sweetened with honey, reminiscent of whole wheat bread. Dark and hearty, full of whole grain goodness that is usually deplete in gluten-free breads. Because of teff's amazing nutrition profile this bread is higher in protein and iron than most of its gluten-free counterparts.

I tested this recipe a number of times, each time changing one aspect of the ingredient list. I finally settled on this version, knowing it was a winner because of how fast it disappeared in our house.

Although bread really isn't a staple in our house like it used to be, I think we will be making this recipe again and again. It is just very handy to have something ready-made for busy days. My 14 month old twins love eating this bread toasted and spread with pumpkin seed butter. My 4-year old and I eat it toasted and spread with almond butter and sour cherry jam. (I buy organic, fruit-sweetened jam from the company Bionaturae).

I know I have mentioned arrowroot powder in previous posts but I wanted to say it again here because it is a main ingredient in this recipe. Arrowroot can be cross-contaminated with gluten if processed in a facility that also mills wheat.

I used to purchase our arrowroot in bulk at our local co-op but then one day I decided I wanted to save money and special order a larger amount. When my order came in I wondered if they had given me someone else's order. The 5 pound paper package was covered with pictures of wheat and it sure had the look and feel of a bag of wheat flour. Of course I found the little sticker that read "Arrowroot" but it got me wondering. So I contacted the company to talk to them. They never responded but it didn't matter I already knew the answer.

Cross-contamination!

Just a little bit of gluten that could be hiding in that bag of arrowroot could have sent Tom and our now 4-year old daughter into a week of agonizing you-know-what. So we returned the arrowroot. And this is when I fell in love with the company Authentic Foods. All of their products are gluten-free so no need to fret. One of our local Health Food Stores, Terra Organica, sells many of the Authentic Foods products, including arrowroot. You can also buy it online here.

For those of you who are curious, our local co-op sells arrowroot in bulk from another company, Glory Bee Foods, different from the company I had special ordered it from. I have not had time to contact this company to check and see if it is gluten-free. If someone does, please let me know.

Interested in more whole grain teff recipes?


Now on to my super yummy bread recipe...


Dark Teff Sandwich Bread

This bread is dark and rich with a full-bodied flavor. It is excellent toasted and spread with almond butter or pumpkin seed butter.

1 ½ cups warm water (100 to 110 degrees F)
1 package dry active yeast (2 ¼ teaspoons)
1 teaspoon organic cane sugar or maple sugar
4 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil or grapeseed oil
3 tablespoons honey or maple syrup
2 tablespoons ground flax seeds
2 cups teff flour
½ cup arrowroot powder
½ cup tapioca flour
1 ½ teaspoons xanthan gum
1 ¼ teaspoons sea salt

Oil an 8 x 4-inch loaf pan (I use glass).

Place the warm water and teaspoon of sugar into a small bowl (a 2-cup liquid measure works well). Make sure the water is the right temperature. If the water is too cold the yeast will not become active and if the water is too hot it will kill the yeast. Add the yeast and stir. Proof the yeast by allowing it to stand for 5 to 10 minutes. It should become bubbly, if not start over with fresh yeast and water.

Add honey, oil, and ground flax seeds. Stir well with a fork or wire whisk until it feels a bit like egg whites. The warm water will cause the flax to form a gel which helps to bind this bread.

In a large bowl, add the teff flour arrowroot powder, tapioca flour, xanthan gum, and sea salt. Combine the flours with a wire whisk. Pour the wet ingredients into the dry and whisk them together as you are pouring to avoid lumps. Continue to whisk for another 60 seconds or so, or until the dough thickens and becomes smooth. You may need to finish mixing this with a large wooden spoon as the teff flour will absorb a lot of moisture.

Transfer dough to an oiled 8 x 4-inch loaf pan using a silicone spatula; shape into a loaf form using the spatula. Place pan, uncovered, in a very warm spot to rise. I like to place boiling water into a 9 x 13-inch pan and then place the bread pan inside of that. Let rise for about one hour or until doubled in size. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F.

After the bread has risen, place pan into the oven and bake for 35 to 40 minutes. Allow to cool for about 10 minutes in the pan and then remove and place onto a wire rack to cool. Wait, if you can, to slice the bread until it has cooled a bit. © Alissa Segersten/Whole Life Nutrition 2009


Please let me know your results if you make this! I always appreciate hearing your feedback. Thanks and Happy Baking! :)

24 comments:

GFE--gluten free easily said...

That's really beautiful bread, Ali! How wonderful that it's also nutritious and delicious. :-) Like you, I don't often make bread, but this would be good to try some time ... probably for one of our support group meetings.

Thanks for sharing the info on arrowroot again. I think that kind of info bears repeating because your regular readers (like me) might forget or you might have new folks who would not know.

Thanks very much!
Shirley

Ann said...

Hi Ali,

I can't wait to try this. That said, what do you recommend for those of us who have eggs in the house more often than fresh flax seed? Can I still throw in an egg here and there for binder? Is there a ratio or guide I should consider? I see so many gluten-free recipes without eggs, and I understand why, but I'd like to keep eating them!

Ali said...

Shirley - I am sure your support group members would enjoy this bread. Thanks for your comment!

Ann - I make nearly all of my baked goods without eggs because half of our family does not eat them so I am not so familiar with gluten-free baking using eggs. I know most GF breads use eggs though. I think if you take out the flax and add one egg without changing anything else it might work. I'd be very interested in hearing how it turns out.

Thanks, Ali :)

Bonnie said...

Ali,
I can't eat flax seed, what can I use to replace flax seed>? I also don't eat much bread but would like to try this yummy sounding bread.
I appreciate all the effort you and Tom put forth for us.
Bonnie

David D. said...

This bread looks so good. I too miss the hearty wheat breads I used to eat. I am going to give this one a try. Thanks for sharing this recipe. I will report back and tell you how mine comes out.

Lacie said...

Hi Ali,

This bread looks delicious. I am wondering though if there is a substitute for the yeast. I have problems with Candida Yeast and can not have yeast products. Is it possible to make breads without it and still have the consistancy?

Jennifer L. said...

Yeast breads are making me crazy lately. I am trying the method of perseverance to get them right, and am very tempted to stick with muffins!

We made the bread today--D. is eating it happily right now. It is mostly fine, but I think, not quite right. It's a little heavy/soggy on the bottom (perhaps not long enough in the oven?) and a bit yeasty smelling.

The first yeast/water mix I made, I had to abandon for 30 minutes to get the girl down for a nap (she clearly wasn't having any more of me in the kitchen right then). When I came back, the yeast was good and bubbly, but I wasn't sure how long I could leave it, so I tossed it and started again. The next yeast/water made a foam and I am not sure what good bubbly is supposed to look like. After about 10 minutes, I decided to just go with the foam. I had premixed the flax seeds, oil and honey and poured that into the yeast/water/sugar and whisked it, but it didn't seem to change the consistency of the liquid at all (to more gel-ish). It still seemed pretty much like water. Should we not premix them and add them directly to the yeast water one at a time? Or does it not matter?

The flour part is pretty uneventful. I can measure flours and get them right :-). That yeast business, though--it's making me nuts.

I am hoping that it's mostly okay to eat in its imperfect state since my husband and my daughter seem to be gobbling it up. I can't quite tell if it's just undercooked (we did the full 40 minutes) or if the yeast did something weird.

I really like having breads around for the convenience factor, but you're right, the rice bread doesn't seem to have the same nutritional oomph as a nice dark bread. I think we'll try it again next week and see if we can get it right. Your bread just looks super yummy!

Bonnie said...

Ali,
I made your bread today, wrote earlier about using something besides flax and I went ahead and used one egg, although Tom thinks I have an alergy to them. Anyway, The bread turned out wonderful my who family liked it even the ones that don't have to watch there gluten, but it fell in the middle, but my next question is, you mentioned arrowroot powder, I only had arrowroot flour, is there a difference when baking with arrowroot which one you use?
Thanks for all your time Ali,
Bonnie

Ali said...

Bonnie - I was just reading the comments and about to respond to you and then I signed in and your second comment popped up. I am glad you tested it with the egg. I tested this recipe using 1 3/4 cups of water which was too much and caused the bread to rise nicely and then sink. One egg equals about 1/4 cup so essentailly adding the egg is similar to using 1 3/4 cups liquid. Possibly reducing the water by 1/4 cup next time (to 1 1/4 cups) would provide better results? Thanks so much for taking the time to share your results.

David D. - Thanks, I'll be interested in hearing how your bread turns out.

Lacie - I am currently experimenting with yeast-free breads, I may post one in the future. However, if you have an issue with candida then it is best to avoid all refined grain products, even as wholesome as teff! There are some great books out there on the candida diet such as The Body Ecology Diet.

Jennifer L. - I so appreciate your detailed comment and am bummed that your bread didn't turn out so well. I don't have a solid answer for you but I do have some theories. Did you measure the liquids exactly? And where did you let your bread rise? Was it warm enough? Maybe it would have worked better had the flax formed a gel. Try adding the flax first next time, whisk it together, and then add the other liquid ingredients. What kind of bread pan did you use? Is your oven calibrated to the correct temp? These are all factors that could have caused yours to fail - though it sounds like it was still edible! If I come up with anything else I will make a comment here.

Thanks! -Ali :)

Ali said...

Bonnie - oops, forgot to add that arrowroot flour and powder are the same thing.

alison@surefoodsliving said...

Ali,
The bread looks great -- but I want to know where to get pumpkin seed butter! We love Sunbutter, but that sounds good too.

Ali said...

Alison - The brand of pumpkin seed butter we use is from Omega Nutrition. It is sold along side all of the other nut butters at our local co-op. Hope you have some luck finding it - I bet you could also order it online.

Ali said...

Thanks everyone for your comments on this one! I just made the bread again to make sure I didn't explain the directions incorrectly and at the same time made a yeast-free loaf.

Here are some notes:

-I added the flax first to the warm water/foamy yeast mixture and whisked it together then let it stand for a minute or so while I measured the other liquid ingredients. By the time I added them, the flax had formed a thick gel.
-I rose it for only 40 mins. because I had a lot of heat surrounding the pan and it had already doubled in size.
-I baked it for nearly an hour because I forgot about it - the crust turned out better/thicker with this longer baking time.
-So be sure and follow the exact measurements in the above recipe but gauge the rising/baking time as you see fit. Longer rising times with GF bread will cause the yeast to overreact so don't let it go for more than an hour unless the loaf is in a cold rising location.

For making this bread yeast-free:

Basically you use the same recipe and directions. I took out the yeast and added 1 tablespoon of baking powder to the dry ingredients. Also, I reduced the salt to 1 tsp. I used 1 cup of water to make the flax gel then added 1/2 cup of hemp milk along with the other liquid ingredients. I baked this loaf for 1 hour (and remember no rising time - so just pop it in the oven after you put the dough into the pan.)

Hope that helps! Overall, both of these loaves turned out beautifully, the yeasted loaf, of course had a much better flavor though!

-Ali :)

Jennifer L. said...

Hi Ali,

Thanks for all the ideas. I am going to try it again with yeast this weekend maybe and see how it goes. Making the gel with the flax, or not having bubbly enough yeast seem to be the two most likely reasons. I used a glass pan, let it rise in the 9 X 13 inch pan of boiled water (good idea, by the way!), and think our oven temp is generally accurate.

For next time though, once the yeast/sugar gets bubbly in the water, how long is it good for and how careful do I need to be keeping that at the warm temperature?

I'll keep you posted on how it turns out!

Lacie said...

Thank you Ali for the yeast free adaptation to the recipe. I definately plan on trying it.

David D. said...

I finally had time to make this recipe today. We made it this morning and had it for lunch. It has the most fantastic texture of any vegan gluten-free bread I have had yet. I am a teff convert now. I need to buy one of those large bags of it you talked about. Thanks so much for sharing this recipe!

Jessica said...

Thank you for this bread recipe - it's great! I'm so happy to be able to eat normal tasting bread again. I made it almost as written, just subbing one egg in for the flax and reducing the water to 1 1/3 cup. Baked for 50 minutes, let it cool about 20 and sliced a small end off to see the inside and realized it wasn't done all the way through. I actually put it back in, covered with tin foil, for 10 minutes, then uncovered for a few more. Perfect, tasty - great this morning with hazelnut butter and coffee. Wonder what'll happen if I use brown rice flour instead of teff some time. Thanks again!

Food Intolerances Cook-Ari said...

This looks amazing! I would love to try this. I was wondering if you could sub cornstarch, potato starch, or tapioca starch in this and it would still have the same results (taste/texture)? I don't have any arrowroot on hand....but I may have to get some! What is the advantage of arrowroot over other starches?

tatima said...

Thanks for this terrific teff recipe. It is delicious and rich and has a great texture. We are egg eaters and I know how much it can help GF bread, so I put in one whole egg and one egg white, and cut down the water to one cup, and left out the flax. I also did not have tapioca flour on-hand so I used brown rice flour. I put it into the bread machine, just to really live on the edge, on an expressbake. It turned out wonderfully and I can't tell you how satisfying it is to have a dark whole-grain bread full of nutrition for my family!

Anonymous said...

Do you have a GF recipe for Teff bread made in a bread machine?
Michael

Ali said...

Michael - I don't use a bread machine, so no, I don't have a recipe for teff bread using the bread machine. If you try this recipe please let us know how it turns out. :)

And thanks to all who commented with your modifications of this recipe and your results. It is great that you shared so everyone can learn! :)

ladybugsandbees said...

Ali - I had a bag of Teff flour after making your whole grain waffles. I decided to try this bread today. All I can say is FABULOUS! It tasted so good and the texture was wonderful. Thank you for this beautiful nutritious bread. I can't wait to try it on my children. I think they will love it and I will love that they are getting some nutrients as well. Keep up the good work.

Anne said...

I made this bread tonight for dinner with the Spicy Butternut Squash Stew you posted here 12/5/08. Both were wonderful! I didn't have arrowroot on hand for the bread so I used Potato Starch instead. The bread had such a great flavor, rose nicely, and we all gobbled it up. Thank you!

daphne said...

Thanks for a great bread recipe Ali. I make this very often and it has always turned out super yummy!!!